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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2021
or
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from to
Commission file number 001-38791
LUMINAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware83-1804317
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
2603 Discovery DriveSuite 100OrlandoFlorida32826
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)(Zip Code)
(407) 900-5259
Registrant's telephone number, including area code
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
Class A common stock, par value of $0.0001 per shareLAZRThe Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports); and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.   Yes     No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filerAccelerated filer
Non-accelerated filerSmaller reporting company
Emerging growth company
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    Yes     No ☒

As of August 6, 2021, the registrant had 247,595,607 shares of Class A common stock and 94,618,203 shares of Class B common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, outstanding.


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LUMINAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
FORM 10-Q
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page

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Table of Contents
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Form 10-Q”) contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which involve substantial risks and uncertainties. These statements reflect the current views of management with respect to future events and our financial performance. In some cases, you can identify these statements by forward-looking words such as “outlook,” “believes,” “expects,” “potential,” “continues,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “seeks,” “approximately,” “predicts,” “intends,” “plans,” “estimates,” “anticipates” or the negative version of these words or other comparable words or phrases, but the absence of these words does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking. These forward-looking statements, which are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions about us, may include projections of our future financial performance, our anticipated growth strategies and anticipated trends in our business.
These statements are only predictions based on our current expectations and projections about future events. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that could cause our actual results, level of activity, performance or achievements to differ materially from the results, level of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Given these risks, uncertainties and other factors, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. These factors include the information set forth in Part 1, Item 1A, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020 under the heading “Risk Factors” and Part II, Item 1A, of this Quarterly Report under the heading “Risk Factors”, which we encourage you to carefully read. Although we believe the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, level of activity, performance or achievements. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements made in this Form 10-Q to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this Form 10-Q or to reflect new information or the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as required by law.
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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements.
LUMINAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands)
June 30, 2021December 31, 2020
(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents$134,689 $208,944 
Restricted cash725 775 
Marketable securities445,755 276,710 
Accounts receivable2,444 5,971 
Inventories, net4,318 3,613 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets13,660 4,797 
Total current assets601,591 500,810 
Property and equipment, net9,258 7,689 
Operating lease right-of-use assets11,976 — 
Goodwill701 701 
Other non-current assets2,641 1,151 
Total assets$626,167 $510,351 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable$6,996 $6,039 
Accrued and other current liabilities12,904 10,452 
Operating lease liabilities4,275 — 
Debt, current64 99 
Total current liabilities24,239 16,590 
Warrant liabilities44,825 343,400 
Debt, non-current194 302 
Operating lease liabilities, non-current8,760 — 
Other non-current liabilities1,133 1,318 
Total liabilities79,151 361,610 
Stockholders’ equity:
Class A common stock24 22 
Class B common stock11 11 
Additional paid-in capital1,244,228 733,175 
Accumulated other comprehensive income7 34 
Accumulated deficit(697,254)(584,501)
Total stockholders’ equity547,016 148,741 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity$626,167 $510,351 

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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LUMINAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss
(Unaudited, in thousands, except share and per share data)
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2021202020212020
Revenue$6,309 $3,424 $11,622 $7,296 
Cost of sales7,853 7,442 15,492 11,285 
Gross loss(1,544)(4,018)(3,870)(3,989)
Operating expenses:
Research and development19,913 9,708 33,923 18,116 
Sales and marketing3,507 1,232 6,142 3,075 
General and administrative19,237 4,892 29,510 9,505 
Total operating expenses42,657 15,832 69,575 30,696 
Loss from operations(44,201)(19,850)(73,445)(34,685)
Other income (expense), net:
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities6,928 (4,265)(39,721)(4,574)
Loss on extinguishment of debt (866) (866)
Interest expense and other(288)(489)(488)(1,021)
Interest income and other731 35 901 130 
Total other income (expense), net7,371 (5,585)(39,308)(6,331)
Net loss$(36,830)$(25,435)$(112,753)$(41,016)
Net loss attributable to common stockholders$(36,830)$(25,435)$(112,753)$(41,016)
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders:
Basic and diluted$(0.11)$(0.20)$(0.33)$(0.32)
Shares used in computing net loss per share attributable to common stockholders:
Basic and diluted340,255,023 129,650,239 336,641,349 128,780,581 
Comprehensive Loss:
Net loss$(36,830)$(25,435)$(112,753)$(41,016)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale debt securities16 16 (27)9 
Comprehensive loss$(36,814)$(25,419)$(112,780)$(41,007)

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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LUMINAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Convertible Preferred Stock and Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)
(Unaudited, in thousands, except share data)
Series A Convertible
Preferred Stock
Founders Convertible
Preferred Stock
Class A
Common Stock
Class B
Common Stock
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
Accumulated
Deficit
Total
Stockholders’
Equity (Deficit)
SharesAmountSharesAmountSharesAmountSharesAmount
Balance as of March 31, 202094,818,151 $244,743 26,206,837 $3 139,635,890 $14  $ $11,598 $(8)$(237,784)$(226,177)
Share-based compensation— — — — — — — — 2,291 — — 2,291 
Other comprehensive income— — — — — — — — — 16 — 16 
Net loss— — — — — — — — — — (25,435)(25,435)
Balance as of June 30, 202094,818,151 $244,743 26,206,837 $3 139,635,890 $14  $ $13,889 $8 $(263,219)$(249,305)
Balance as of March 31, 2021 $  $ 234,575,992 $23 105,118,203 $11 $1,227,559 $(9)$(660,424)$567,160 
Issuance of Class A common stock upon exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock units— — — — 1,907,695 1 — — 2,884 — — 2,885 
Share-based compensation— — — — — — — — 13,915 — — 13,915 
Payments of employee taxes related to vested restricted stock units— — — — — — — — (140)(140)
Cash received from Gores on settlement of recapitalization of escrow— — — — — — — — 10 — — 10 
Other comprehensive income— — — — — — — — — 16 — 16 
Net loss— — — — — — — — — — (36,830)(36,830)
Balance as of June 30, 2021 $  $ 236,483,687 $24 105,118,203 $11 $1,244,228 $7 $(697,254)$547,016 
See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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LUMINAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Convertible Preferred Stock and Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)
(Unaudited, in thousands, except share data)
Series A Convertible
Preferred Stock
Founders Convertible
Preferred Stock
Class A
Common Stock
Class B
Common Stock
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
Accumulated
Deficit
Total
Stockholders’
Equity (Deficit)
SharesAmountSharesAmountSharesAmountSharesAmount
Balance as of December 31, 201994,818,151 $244,743 26,206,837 $3 139,635,890 $14  $ $10,457 $(1)$(222,203)$(211,730)
Share-based compensation— — — — — — — — 3,432 — — 3,432 
Other comprehensive income— — — — — — — — — 9 — 9 
Net loss— — — — — — — — — — (41,016)(41,016)
Balance as of June 30, 202094,818,151 $244,743 26,206,837 $3 139,635,890 $14  $ $13,889 $8 $(263,219)$(249,305)
Balance as of December 31, 2020 $  $ 218,818,037 $22 105,118,203 $11 $733,175 $34 $(584,501)$148,741 
Issuance of Class A common stock upon exercise of warrants, stock options and vesting of restricted stock units— — — — 17,665,650 2 — — 495,425 — — 495,427 
Share-based compensation— — — — — — — — 15,758 — — 15,758 
Payments of employee taxes related to vested restricted stock units— — — — — — — — (140)— — (140)
Cash received from Gores on settlement of recapitalization of escrow— — — — — — — — 10 — — 10 
Other comprehensive loss— — — — — — — — — (27)— (27)
Net loss— — — — — — — — — — (112,753)(112,753)
Balance as of June 30, 2021 $  $ 236,483,687 $24 105,118,203 $11 $1,244,228 $7 $(697,254)$547,016 
See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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LUMINAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited, in thousands)
Six Months Ended June 30,
20212020
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss$(112,753)$(41,016)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization1,332 1,241 
Noncash lease expense related to operating right-of-use assets1,748 — 
Amortization of premium on marketable securities602  
Unrealized loss on marketable securities60  
Change in fair value of warrants39,721 4,574 
Impairment of inventories1,453 2,481 
Loss on extinguishment of debt 866 
Share-based compensation16,367 3,413 
Other512  
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable3,527 (3,940)
Inventories(2,640)(3,440)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets(8,469)(1,049)
Other non-current assets(1,490)638 
Accounts payable854 92 
Accrued and other current liabilities2,652 2,531 
Other non-current liabilities(1,659)(369)
Net cash used in operating activities(58,183)(33,978)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of marketable securities(376,289) 
Proceeds from maturities of marketable securities169,619  
Proceeds from sales of marketable securities36,937 285 
Purchases of property and equipment(2,710)(708)
Net cash used in investing activities(172,443)(423)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Cash received from Gores on settlement of recapitalization of escrow10  
Proceeds from the issuance of debt 31,910 
Repayment of debt(143)(3,843)
Principal payments on finance leases (capital lease prior to adoption of ASC 842)(143)(108)
Proceeds from exercise of warrants153,927  
Proceeds from exercise of stock options2,812  
Proceeds from issuance of restricted common stock 9 
Payments of employee taxes related to vested restricted stock units(140) 
Repurchase of common stock and redemption of warrants(2)(4)
Net cash provided by financing activities156,321 27,964 
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash(74,305)(6,437)
Beginning cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash209,719 27,305 
Ending cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash$135,414 $20,868 
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest$37 $1,328 
Supplemental disclosures of noncash investing and financing activities:
Issuance of Class A common stock upon exercise of warrants$338,293 $ 
Operating lease right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations upon adoption of ASC 84210,849  
Operating lease right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations2,876  
Assets acquired under finance leases (capital lease prior to adoption of ASC 842) 123 
Purchases of property and equipment recorded in accounts payable and accrued liabilities222 65 
Receivable from stock option exercises394  
See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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LUMINAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Note 1. Organization and Description of Business
Luminar Technologies, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (the “Company” or “Luminar”) was originally incorporated in Delaware on August 28, 2018 under the name Gores Metropoulos, Inc (“Gores”). The Company was formed for the purpose of effecting a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses. On December 2, 2020 (the “Closing Date”), the Company (at such time named Gores Metropoulos, Inc.) consummated the business combination (the “Business Combination”) pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”), dated August 24, 2020 with the pre-Business Combination Luminar Technologies, Inc. (“Legacy Luminar”). In connection with the consummation of the Business Combination, the Company changed its name from Gores Metropoulos, Inc. to Luminar Technologies, Inc. The Company’s common stock is listed on the NASDAQ under the symbol “LAZR.” The Company’s public warrants to purchase shares of Class A common stock were listed on the NASDAQ under the symbol “LAZRW,” until they were delisted on March 5, 2021 upon exercise and redemption.
Unless the context otherwise requires, the “Company” refers to the combined company and its subsidiaries following the Business Combination, “Gores” refers to the Company prior to the Business Combination and “Legacy Luminar” refers to Luminar Technologies, Inc., prior to the Business Combination. Refer to Note 3 to the financial statements of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 for additional information relating to the Business Combination.
The Company is a developer of advanced sensor technologies for the autonomous vehicle industry, encompassing the latest in Laser Imaging, Detection and Ranging (lidar) technology. The Company manufactures and distributes commercial lidar sensors. In addition, the Company develops ultra-sensitive pixel-based sensors and designs, tests and provides consulting services for non-standard integrated circuits that are essential for systems to meet the requirement of customers. Legacy Luminar was incorporated in Delaware on March 31, 2015. The Company has research and manufacturing facilities located in Palo Alto, California and Orlando, Florida, which is also the Company’s headquarters.
Note 2. Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation and Consolidation
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”) and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) regarding interim financial reporting. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. Therefore, these condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020. In the opinion of management, the condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, which are normal and recurring in nature, necessary for fair financial statement presentation. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, equity, revenues and expenses, and related disclosures. The significant estimates made by management include inventory reserves, valuation allowance for deferred tax assets, valuation of warrants, revenue, stock-based compensation expense and other loss contingencies. Management periodically evaluates such estimates and they are adjusted prospectively based upon such periodic evaluation. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Segment Information
The Company has determined its operating segments using the same indicators which are used to evaluate its performance internally. The Company has two business activities: (i) manufacturing and distribution of lidar sensors that measure distance using laser light to generate a highly accurate 3D map for automotive mobility applications and (ii) development of ultra-sensitive pixel-based sensors and designing, testing and providing consulting services for non-standard integrated circuits that are essential for systems to meet the requirement of customers. The Company’s operating segments are (i) Autonomy Solutions and (ii) Component Sales. The Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), its Chief Executive Officer, reviews the operating results of these segments for the purpose of allocating resources and evaluating financial performance.
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LUMINAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk, consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, marketable investments and accounts receivable. A significant portion of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents is held at high-quality domestic financial institutions. Deposits held with the financial institutions may, at times, exceed the amount of insurance provided on such deposits. The Company held cash in foreign entities of $0.7 million and $0.6 million as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
The Company’s revenue is derived from customers located in the United States and international markets. The Company mitigates its credit risks by performing ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial conditions and requires advance payment from customers in certain circumstances. The Company generally does not require collateral.
Two customers accounted for 67% and 10%, respectively, of the Company’s accounts receivable at June 30, 2021 and one customer accounted for 86% of the Company’s accounts receivable at December 31, 2020.
Significant Accounting Policies
The Company’s significant accounting policies are disclosed in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020. Other than the accounting policies discussed below related to equity investments and in Note 11 related to the adoption of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 842, Leases, there has been no material change to the Company’s significant accounting policies during the six months ended June 30, 2021.
Equity Investments
The Company’s holds marketable equity investments, over which the Company does not have a controlling interest or significant influence. Marketable equity investments are measured using the quoted prices in active markets with changes recorded in other income (expense), net on the condensed consolidated statement of operations.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) and issued subsequent amendments to the initial guidance in 2017, 2018 and 2019 (collectively “ASC 842”). Under the new guidance, a lessee is required to recognize assets and liabilities for both finance, previously known as capital, and operating leases with lease terms of more than 12 months. The ASU also requires disclosures to help investors and other financial statement users better understand the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. In transition, the Company recognized and measured leases at the beginning of the period of adoption, January 1, 2021, using a modified retrospective approach that included a number of optional practical expedients that the Company elected to apply. See Note 11 for disclosure on the impact of adopting this standard.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Effective
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (ASC 326): Measurement of Credit Losses of Financial Instruments, which, together with subsequent amendments, amends the requirement on the measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets held. ASU 2016-13 will be effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2023, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the effects of this pronouncement on the Company’s financial statements and does not expect it to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
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LUMINAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Note 3. Revenue
Disaggregation of Revenues
The Company disaggregates its revenue from contracts with customers by geographic region based on the primary locations where the customer is situated, type of good or service and timing of transfer of goods or services to customers (point-in-time or over time), as it believes it best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of its revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. Total revenue based on the disaggregation criteria described above are as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30,
20212020
Revenue% of RevenueRevenue% of Revenue
Revenue by primary geographical market:
North America$4,061 64 %$640 19 %
Asia Pacific154 2 %205 6 %
Europe and Middle East2,094 33 %2,579 75 %
Total$6,309 100 %$3,424 100 %
Revenue by timing of recognition:
Recognized at a point in time$1,988 32 %$182 5 %
Recognized over time4,321 68 %3,242 95 %
Total$6,309 100 %$3,424 100 %
Revenue by segment:
Autonomy Solutions$5,822 92 %$2,809 82 %
Component Sales487 8 %615 18 %
Total$6,309 100 %$3,424 100 %
Six Months Ended June 30,
20212020
Revenue% of RevenueRevenue% of Revenue
Revenue by primary geographical market:
North America$6,600 57 %$1,725 24 %
Asia Pacific475 4 %213 3 %
Europe and Middle East4,547 39 %5,358 73 %
Total$11,622 100 %$7,296 100 %
Revenue by timing of recognition:
Recognized at a point in time$4,041 35 %$790 11 %
Recognized over time7,581 65 %6,506 89 %
Total$11,622 100 %$7,296 100 %
Revenue by segment:
Autonomy Solutions$10,158 87 %$6,106 84 %
Component Sales1,464 13 %1,190 16 %
Total$11,622 100 %$7,296 100 %
Volvo Stock Purchase Warrant
In March 2020, the Company issued a stock purchase warrant to Volvo Car Technology Fund AB (“VCTF”) in connection with an engineering services contract. VCTF is entitled to purchase from the Company up to 4,089,280 shares of Class A common stock, at a price of $3.1769 per share. The warrants vest and become exercisable in two tranches based on satisfaction of certain commercial milestones and the probability of reaching commercial production and delivering production units. The fair value of warrants, aggregating $2.9 million, represents consideration payable to a customer and would be recognized as reduction in revenue consistent with the revenue recognition pattern when these warrants become probable of
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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
vesting. The Company’s management determined that the vesting of these warrants was not probable as of June 30, 2021. The following factors were considered in this determination:
During the second quarter of 2021, the Company issued a joint press release stating that Volvo intends to include Luminar’s Iris unit, the Company’s latest generation lidar sensor which meets the size, weight, cost, power and reliability requirements of automotive qualified series production, as standard on one of its vehicle programs as opposed to being only an option. While the announcement increased the targeted volume for the Company’s expected business with Volvo, the anticipated start of production and the necessary prototype testing procedures were not modified. As a result, this announcement does not impact the probability or likelihood of reaching commercial production.
The Company is in the process of transitioning from currently producing B-sample prototype Iris units at its advanced manufacturing operations in Orlando, Florida to producing C-sample prototype Iris units at its contract manufacturing partner. This transition is expected to occur by the end of this calendar year.
The Company recently completed its initial design freeze for the prototype C-sample Iris units. This design includes modifications from the Company’s B-sample Iris units as well as modifications to the production process for its contract manufacturing partner. The prototype units produced with this design and production process will need to undergo certain industry standard testing procedures. The Company’s management anticipates reaching the probability threshold for the initial tranche tied to reaching commercial production once it substantially completes these industry standard testing procedures, which is expected to be achieved in the second half of 2021.
Contract assets and liabilities
Contract assets primarily represent revenues recognized for performance obligations that have been satisfied but have not been billed. The Company’s contract assets as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 were $5.0 million and $0, respectively. Contract liabilities consist of deferred revenue and customer advanced payments. Deferred revenue includes billings in excess of revenue recognized related to product sales and other services revenue and is recognized as revenue when the Company performs under the contract. Customer advanced payments represent required customer payments in advance of product shipments according to customer’s payment term. Customer advance payments are recognized in revenue as or when control of the performance obligation is transferred to the customer. The Company’s contract liabilities were $0.6 million and $2.3 million as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, and were included in accrued and other current liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
The significant changes in contract liabilities balances consisted of the following (in thousands): 
 June 30, 2021December 31, 2020
Beginning balance$2,284 $225 
Revenue recognized that was included in the contract liabilities beginning balance(2,284)(225)
Net increase due to cash received and not recognized as revenue and billings in excess of revenue recognized during the period586 2,284 
Ending balance$586 $2,284 
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LUMINAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Note 4. Investments
Debt Securities
The Company’s investments in debt securities consisted of the following as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (in thousands):
June 30, 2021
 CostGross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair Value
U.S. Treasury$185,504 $12 $(81)$185,435 
U.S. agency and government sponsored securities4,994  (3)4,991 
Commercial paper226,610 18 (8)226,620 
Corporate bonds84,672 71 (14)84,729 
Asset-backed securities14,019 12  14,031 
Total debt securities$515,799 $113 $(106)$515,806 
Included in cash and cash equivalents$86,520 $4 $(1)$86,523 
Included in marketable securities$429,279 $109 $(105)$429,283 
December 31, 2020
 CostGross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair Value
U.S. Treasury